Directions of extension of the sea port in Elbląg

Tadeusz Wójcicki

DOI: 10.21858/msr.44.02

Vol. no: 44

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On September 17th, 2022, the shipping channel through the Vistula Spit was put into operation, which opens up new prospects for the seaport in Elbląg. In this context, it is worth considering what further investments would be needed to achieve further positive effects for the port in the form of a long-term increase in cargo turnover and passenger traffic.

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Analysis of the structure of scheduled airlines capacity in Central European countries. Part one

Marek Serafin

DOI: 10.21858/msr.44.01

Vol. no: 44

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The post-pandemic period is particularly important for the European aviation market. We can observe new trends of changes that will shape it for many years to come. We can already clearly see that the Central European region has its own specificity, distinguishing it from Western Europe. In the case of our country, analysing the situation and forecasting the future is particularly important, as decisions are currently being taken regarding huge infrastructure investments. The structure of the number of seats offered by scheduled airlines and the changes in it are very good indicators of the strategies of air carriers, the most important players in the market game.

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COVID-19 – time for conclusion. Is vaccination a medical experiment?

Anna Wieczorek

DOI: 10.21858/msr.43.05

Vol. no: 43

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The aim of the article is: – to familiarise readers with selected legal aspects of medical experiments and clinical trials; – to make decision-makers aware that COVID-19 vaccination creates the impression of a medical experiment.

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Study of the perception of an intra-urban wetland area on the example of the Wawer’s Meander

Szymon Jarosiński

DOI: 10.21858/msr.43.04

Vol. no: 43

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This paper – in the field of environmental psychology – concerns the perception of a naturally valuable area of Warsaw – Wawer’s Meander (Zakole Wawerskie) – by the residents of its surroundings. The Wawer’s Meander is a unique peat bog, a relic of the oxbow lake of a large river, located inside a big city. The study was exploratory in terms of the types of perception of this Meander, its bogs and its fauna and flora, the ways of using it, as well as the awareness of its importance in the context of ongoing climate change and human activity. The results of this exploration show that the majority of respondents living in the area do not spend time in it, do not talk about it and do not pay attention to it, as if it did not exist. The reasons for this lie, among others, in their subjective judgement of the area’s low aesthetics, which significantly reduces its attractiveness. On the other hand, the second, important result of the study is the fact that the majority of residents – when asked directly about their assessment of the Wawer’s Meander – are satisfied with the relatively wild nature area that exists nearby. They are particularly pleased by the presence of greenery and birds there. They know little about the important climatic role of peat bogs, wetlands and marshes, but when informed about it, they express satisfaction and support for the protection of such areas. The obtained results of exploration are in line with existing foreign studies on a similar topic.

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The course of the investment process in the construction industry

Barbara Krupa

DOI: 10.21858/msr.43.03

Vol. no: 43

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The multiplicity and the inconsistency of regulations, the number of permits and opinions of various authorities that the investor must obtain, result in a lengthy investment process with a risk of failure. The aim of this article is to present the law in force in Poland regarding the investment process in the construction industry.

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Aviation duoport as a way of efficient development of aviation infrastructure – international and national experience

Tomasz Wardak

DOI: 10.21858/msr.43.01

Vol. no: 43

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The expansion of low-cost airlines over the last few decades has significantly influenced the requirements and directions of development of aviation infrastructure, opening up development opportunities for many regional and former military airports.In the second phase of development, low-cost airlines increased their presence at major airports. The low-cost model is evolving, just like the models of traditional and charter airlines. These changes are followed by the development and changes in the airport infrastructure. The model infrastructure adapted to serve low-cost airlines is geared towards reducing the cost for the airlines and shortening the turnaround time of aircrafts – it is therefore smaller and simpler, devoid of certain elements, e.g., jet bridges. Similarly, the time and comfort of travel from the airport to the centre of the metropolitan area are not as important as in the case of airports serving traditional airlines.

MSR_43_01 Tomasz Wardak, Aviation duoport as a way of efficient development of aviation infrastructure – international and national experiencePobierz

Pro-ecological activities of Polish Waters in cities

Adam Kapler

DOI: 10.21858/msr.43.02

Vol. no: 43

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The State Water Holding ‘Polish Waters’ (PGW Wody Polskie) is the entity responsible for the national water management on the scale of catchment areas, river basins and the entire country, exercising owner’s rights in relation to the waters of the State Treasury.Main tasks of ‘Polish Waters’ are: protection of the inhabitants of Poland against floods and droughts, sustainable water management to protect water resources, ensuring good water quality for current and future generations.

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COVID-19 – time for conclusions. Patient care and vaccination time

Anna Wieczorek

DOI: 10.21858/msr.42.06

Vol. no: 42

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The aim of the article is to draw the attention of policy makers that COVID-19 vaccination with injectable vaccines consumed the time of medical staff, which could not be sufficient to treat patients with COVID-19 as well as other diseases and accident victims.

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